Building Construction Civil Project Report - Part 1

made at the plinth level inclusive of the external walls and of such portions of the party

walls as belong to the building. 

 Amenity -

Includes roads, street, open spaces, parks, recreational grounds, play

grounds, gardens, water supply, electric supply, street lighting, sewerage, drainage, public

works and other utilities, services and conveniences. 

Balcony- 

A horizontal projection, cantilevered  or otherwise including a parapet"

handrail balustrade, to serve as a passage or sitting out place. 

Basement or Cellar- 

The lower story of a building below, or partly below the ground

level. 

Building- 

A structure constructed with any materials whatsoever for any purpose,

whether used for human habitation or not, and includes: - 

i)  Foundation, plinth, walls, floors, roofs, chimneys, plumbing and building

services, fixed platforms etc. 

ii)   Verandahs, balconies, cornices, projections etc. 

iii)  Parts of a building or anything affixed thereto; 

iv)  Any wall enclosing or intended to enclose any land or space, sign and outdoor

display structures; etc., 

v)   Tanks constructed or fixed for storage  of chemicals or chemicals in liquid form

and for storage of water, effluent, swimming pool, ponds etc., 

vi)  All types of buildings as defined in (a) to (q) below, except tents, shamianas and

tarpaulin shelters erected temporarily for temporary purposes and ceremonial occasions, shall be considered to be "buildings". 

assembly halls, city halls, town halls, auditoria, exhibition halls, museums, "mangal

karyalayas" skating rinks, gymnasia, restaurants, eating or boarding houses, places of

worship, dance halls, clubs, gymkhanas and road, railways, air, sea or other public

transportation stations and recreation piers. 

b. Business Building - 

Includes any building or part  thereof used principally for

transaction of business and/or keeping of accounts and records therefore including

offices, banks professional establishments, court houses etc., if their principal function is

transaction of business and/or keeping of books and records. 

c. Education Building- 

Includes a building exclusively used for a school or college,

recognized by the appropriate Board or University, or any other competent Authority

involving assembly for instruction, education or recreation incidental to educational use,

and including a building for such other uses as  research institution. It shall also include

quarters for essential staff required to reside in the premises, and building used as a hostel

captive to an educational institution whether situated in its campus or not. 

d. Hazardous Building - 

Includes a building or part thereof used for: 

highly combustible or explosive materials or of products which are liable to

burn with extreme rapidity and/or producing poisonous fumes or explosive

emanations;

ii)  Storage, handling, manufacture or processing of which involves highly

corrosive, toxic or noxious alkalis, acids, or other liquids, gases or chemicals

producing flame, fumes and explosive mixtures etc. or which result in

division of matter into fine particles capable of spontaneous ignition. 

e.Industrial Building - Includes a building or part thereof wherein products or material

are fabricated, assembled or processed, such as assembly plants, laboratories, power

plants, refineries, gas plants, mills, dairies and factories etc., 

f. Institutional Building - Includes a building constructed by Government, semi-

Government organizations or Registered Trusts and used for medical or other treatment,

or for an auditorium or complex for cultural and allied activities or for an hospice, care of

persons suffering from physical or mental illness, handicap, disease or infirmity, care of

orphans, abandoned women, children and infants, convalescents, destitute or aged persons

and for penal or correctional detention with restricted liberty of the inmates ordinarily

providing sleeping accommodation, and includes dharamshalas, hospitals, sanatoria,

custodial and penal institutions such as  jails, prisons, mental hospitals, houses of

correction, detention and reformatories etc., 

g. Mercantile Building - Includes a building or part thereof used as shops, stores or

markets for display and sale of wholesale or retail goods or merchandise, including office,

storage and service facilities incidental thereto and located in the same building. 

h. Multi-Storied Building or High Rise Building - A building above 4 stories, and/or a

building exceeding 15 meter or more in height above the average level of front road. 

i. Multi Level Car Parking Building - A building may be partly below ground level

having two or more basements or above ground level, primarily to be used for parking of

cars, scooters or any other type of light motorized vehicle. 

j. Office Building (premises) - includes a building or premises or part thereof whose sole

or principal use is for an office or for  officer purposes or clerical work. "Officer

purposes" include the purpose of administration, clerical work, handling money,

telephone, telegraph and computer operation; and "clerical work" includes writing, book -

keeping, sorting papers, typing, filling,  duplicating, punching cards or tapes machine

publication. 

k. Special Building - Includes assembly, industrial, hazardous buildings, buildings used

for wholesale establishments, hotels, hostels, centrally air conditioned buildings and

which exceed 15mts. in height and have a total built up area exceeding 600 sq.mt. 

l. Storage Building - A building or part thereof used primarily for storage or shelter of

goods, wares, merchandise and includes a building used as a warehouse, cold storage,

freight depot, transit shed, store house, public garage, hanger, truck terminal, grain

elevator, barn and stables. 

m. Wholesale Establishment -  An establishment wholly or partly engaged in wholesale

trade and manufacture wholesale outlets, including related storage facilities, warehouses

and establishments engaged in truck transport, including truck transport booking

agencies. 

n. Residential Building - includes a building in which sleeping and living

accommodation is provided for normal residential purposes, with cooking facilities and

includes one or more family dwellings, apartment houses, flats, and private garages of

such buildings. 

o. Detached Building - Includes a building with walls and roofs independent of any other

building and with open spaces on all sides within the same plot. 

p. Semi-detached Building - A building detached on three sides with open space as

specified in these regulation. 

q. Mixed Land use Building - A building partly used for non-residential activities and

partly for residential purpose. 

r. Unsafe Building - Includes a building which:  i)  Is structurally unsafe, or  ii)  Is unsanitary, or 

iii)  Is not provided with adequate means of ingress or egress or  iv)  Constitutes a fire hazard or 

vi)  In relation to its existing use, constitutes  a hazard to safety or health or public

welfare by maintenance, dilapidation or abandonment. 

Note: -  All unsafe buildings /structure will require  to be restored by repairs, demolition or

dealt with as otherwise directed by the Authority. The relevant provisions of the Act

shall apply for procedure to be followed  by the Authority in taking action against

such buildings. 

Building Line - 

The line upto which the plinth of building adjoining a street or an

extension of a street or on a future street may lawfully extend and includes the lines

prescribed, if any, in any scheme and/or development plan. 

Building Height - 

The vertical distance measured 

i)  In the case of flat roofs from the average level of the front road and continuance

to the highest point of the building. 

ii)  In case of pitched roofs upto the point where the external surface of the outer wall

intersects the finished surface of the sloping roof and 

iii)   In the case of gables facing the road. themid point between the eaves level and

the ridge. Architectural features serving no other function except that of

decoration shall be excluded for the purpose of taking heights. The height of the

building shall be taken upto the terrace  level for the purpose of fire safety

requirement. 

Canopy -

shall mean a cantilevered projection from the face of the wall over an entry to

i)  It shall not project beyond the plot line.

ii)  It shall not be lower than 2.3mt or 7’ – 6’ when measured form the ground.

iii)  There shall be no structure on it and the top shall remain open to sky

Chajja- 

A sloping or horizontal structural overhang provided over openings on

external walls for protection from the weather.

Cabin - 

A non-residential enclosure constructed of non-load bearing partitions. 

Chimney- 

A construction by means of which a flue is formed for the purpose of

carrying products of combustion to the open air and includes a chimneystack and the flue

pipe. 

Courtyard-   

A space permanently open to sky, enclosed fully or partially by buildings

and may be at ground level or any other level within or adjacent to  a building. 

Covered Area - 

The Ground area covered immediately above the plinth level covered

by the building but does not include the space covered by: 

a.  Garden, rockery, well and well structures, plant nursery, waterpool, swimming

pool (if uncovered), platform round a tree,  tank, fountain, bench, chabutra with

open top and unenclosed on sides by walls and the like;

b.  Drainage culvert, conduit, catch-pit, gully-pit, chamber, gutter and the like; and 

c.  Compound wall, gate, slide swing, canopy, and areas covered by Chhajja or alike

projections and staircases which are uncovered and open at least on three sides

and also open to sky. 

Cornice -

Means a sloping or horizontal structural overhang usually provided over

openings or external walls to provide protection from sun and rain.

Damp Proof Course - 

A course consisting of some appropriate water proofing material

being provided to prevent penetration of dampness or moisture.

Drainage - 

A system constructed for the purpose of removal of any wastewater. 

Drain- 

A system or a line of pipes, with their fittings and accessories, such as

manholes, inspection chambers, traps, gullies, floor traps used for drainage of building or

yards appurtenant to the buildings within the same cartilage; and includes an open

Dwelling - 

A building or a portion thereof which is designed or used wholly or

principally for residential purposes for one family. 

Encroachment -

means an act  to enter into the possession or rights either of permanent

or temporary nature on a land or built up property of local body or state/ central

Government.

Exit- 

A passage channel or means of egress from  the building, its story or floor to a

street or, other open space of safety; whether horizontal, outside and vertical exits means

as under:- 

i)  Horizontal exit means an exit, which is a protected opening through or around a

fire well or bridge connecting two or more buildings. 

ii) Outside exit mean an exit from building to a public way to an open area leading

to a public way or to an enclose fire resistant passage leading to a public way. 

iii) Vertical exit  means an exit used for ascending or descending between two or

more levels including stairway, fire towers, ramps and fire escapes. 

Fire Resisting Building - 

means material, which has, appropriate degree of fire

resistance. 

Floor- 

The lower surface in a story on which  one normally walks in a building, and

does not include a mezzanine floor. The floor at ground level with a direct access to a

street or open space shall be called the ground floor; the floor above it shall be termed as

floor- 1, with the next higher floor being termed as floor- 2, and so on upwards. 

Floor Area Ratio (FAR) - 

The quotient of the ratio of the combined covered area

(plinth area) of all floors, excepting areas specifically exempted under these regulations,

to the total area of plot, viz.: - 

Floor Area Ratio (FAR) = 

100  x  Total Covered Area on All Floors / Plot Area

Foundation - 

That part of the structure, which is in direct contact with ground and

transmit loads over it. 

Ground Floor - 

shall mean storey which has its  floor surface nearest to the ground

around the building.

Group Housing - 

means a building unit constructed or  to be constructed with one or

more floors having more than two dwelling units having common service facilities.

Lift - 

A mechanically guided car, platform for transport of persons and materials

between two or more levels in a vertical or substantially vertical direction. 

Lobby- 

means a covered space in which all the adjoining room open.

Loft - 

An intermediate floor between two floors or a residual space in a pitched roof

above normal level constructed for storage with maximum clear height of 1.5 meter. 

Masonry - 

An assemblage of masonry units properly bound together by mortar. 

Mezzanine floor- 

An intermediate floor, not being a loft, between the floor and ceiling

of any story. 

Mumty or Stair Cover - 

A structure with a covering roof over a staircase and its

landing built to enclose only the stairs for the purpose of providing protection from

weather and not used for human habitation. 

Parapet - 

A low wall or railing built along the edge of a roof or a floor. 

Plinth - 

The portion of a structure between the surface of the surrounding ground and

surface of the floor immediately above the ground.

Plinth Area - 

The built up covered area measured at the floor level of the basement or

of any story. 

Plot - 

A parcel or piece of land enclosed by definite boundaries. 

Room Height  – 

The vertical distance measured from the finished floor surface to the

finished ceiling.

Ventilation-   

shall mean the supply of outside air into a building through window or

other openings due to wind out side and convection effects arising from temperature, or

vapour pressure differences (or both) between inside and outside of the building.

Water Closet (W.C) -   

A privy with an arrangement for flushing the pan with water,

but does not include a bathroom. 

Window - 

An opening to the outside other than a door, which provides all or part of the

required natural light or ventilation or both to an interior space and not used as a means of