CSEB Major Project Report - Primary & Secondary Specification Of Transformer, Transformer Configuration
Get Our Latest Interview Questions: Aptitude, Reasoning, English, GD, HR-PI PRIMARY SPECIFICATION OF TRANSFORMER:-
Single Phase Primary Configuration:
The size and cost of a transformer increases with the number of leads. A 5-lead primary requires more copper than a quad (2+2) primary. A ladder is the least economical primary configuration.
Your choices are…
Single
Single phase transformers with this configuration have only one winding in the primary side and can accept only one nominal voltage.
Dual
Single phase transformers with this configuration have dual windings in the primary side and can accept two nominal voltages. This configuration helps to reduce fault current levels. A 2-lead voltage selector must be provided.
Quad (2+2)
Single phase transformers that use the quad (2+2) configuration have dual windings in the primary side where each winding has a tap so that it can accept two nominal voltages.
5-Lead
Single phase transformers with 5-lead voltage selectors can accept five possible nominal voltages. The primary winding is arranged so that it can accept the 5 voltage ratings.
Ladder
The ladder configuration is a model used with multiple winding transformers. A ladder transformer consists of windings in a cascade and a series of inductances
connected between adjacent windings.
Three Phase Configuration:
Three phase transformers are connected in delta or wye configurations. A wye (Y) - delta transformer has its primary winding connected in a wye and its secondary winding connected in a delta. A delta - wye (Y) transformer has its primary winding connected in a delta and its secondary winding connected in a wye.
Your choices are...
Delta - Delta
Both the primary winding and the secondary winding use a delta configuration.
Delta - Wye (Y)
The primary winding uses a delta configuration and the secondary winding uses a wye configuration.
Wye (Y) - Wye (Y)
Both the primary winding and the secondary winding use a wye configuration.
Wye (Y) - Delta
The primary winding uses a wye configuration and the secondary winding uses a delta configuration.
Wye (Y) - Single Phase
The primary winding uses a wye configuration and the secondary winding uses a single phase configuration with one winding.
Delta - Single Phase
The primary winding uses a delta configuration and the secondary winding uses a single phase configuration with one winding.
Maximum Primary Voltage:-
• Rating:
Transformers for use with several nominal voltages need more than one primary winding. Enter the maximum voltage required for the application. Matching products will list all primary voltages available in addition to the maximum specified.
SECONDARY SPECIFICATION OF TRANSFORMER:-
The secondary windings of the transformer provide the voltages and currents required by the user to power lamps or motors, or to supply rectifiers. The Rated Power of the transformer is the sum of the VA (Volts x Amps) for all of the secondary windings.
Maximum Secondary Voltage
• Rating:
A transformer may provide more than one secondary voltage. Enter the maximum voltage required for the application. The matching products will list all secondary voltages available in addition to the maximum specified.
• Maximum Power Rating:
The Rated power of the transformer is the sum of the VA (volts x amps) for all of the secondary windings.
• Output Type:
AC
Alternating current (AC) waveform output voltage values are typically expressed as RMS values. Consult the manufacturer for waveform options.
DC
With direct current (DC) secondary voltage output, consult the manufacturer for the type of rectification.
TRANSFORMER CONFIGURATION:
• Transformer Construction:
Toroidal
Typically, copper wire is wrapped around a cylindrical core so that magnetic flux within the coil doesn't leak, coil efficiency is maintained, and the magnetic flux has little influence on other components.
Laminated
Laminated transformers, or E-I transformers, contain laminated-steel cores insulated with a nonconducting material such as varnish. They are formed into a core to reduce electrical losses.
Other
Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary configuration including oil-filled and other heavy duty industrial powerdistribution type transformers.
• Transformer Type:
Autotransformer
Autotransformers have a single, continuous winding tapped on one side to provide either a step-up or step-down function.
Control Transformer
Control transformers are low voltage transformers that step down the line voltage to the low voltages that supply power to electronic control circuitry.
Distribution Transformer
Distribution transformers are pole-type transformers used to supply relatively small amounts of power to residences. They are used at the end of the electrical utility’s delivery system.
General Purpose Transformer
General purpose transformers are not designed for specific
applications. These transformers can be used in any situation where the available voltage must be changed to accomodate the voltage required by the specific electrical circuit or connected equipment.
Isolation Transformer
Isolation transformers have a 1:1 turn ratio. Therefore, they do not step voltage up or down. Instead, they serve as safety devices.
Power Transformer
Power transformers are used primarily to couple electrical energy from a power supply line to a circuit system, or to one or more components in the system. The purpose of a power transformer is to convert AC supply voltage to one or more different AC voltages. In most cases it also provides electrical insulation between the supply voltage and the user's equipment.
Step-Up Transformer
The output voltage is higher than the input voltage and secondary winding has more turns of wire than the primary winding.
Flyback Transformer
Flyback transformers (FBT) or Line output transformers (LOPT) is a transformer that is designed to produce a very high output voltage (normally in the order of kilo volts) from a relatively low input voltage. Flyback is a topology that uses the flayback - also known as kickback - of an inductor to convert the input voltage to the transformer to a desired output voltage. This is done by first storing the input energy (in the inductor) produced by the input voltage (this is called the charging cycle), and then transferring this energy (this is called the discharge cycle) to the output.
Step-Down Transformer
The output voltage is lower than the input voltage and
the secondary winding has fewer turns of wire than the primary winding.
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